Liraglutide
Also referenced as: Victoza, Saxenda
A daily GLP-1 receptor agonist and the reference point against which newer incretin drugs are measured.
- Evidence grade
- AStrong Clinical Evidence
Strong Clinical Evidence
- Regulatory status
- FDA Approved for Specific Indication
Approved for type 2 diabetes and, at a higher dose, for weight management. Approval for those indications says nothing about unapproved uses.
- Human data
- Yes
Registered clinical trials exist
- Last reviewed
- September 1, 2026
Overview
Liraglutide was among the first GLP-1 analogues to reach wide clinical use. Its evidence base is deep and long, including a dedicated cardiovascular outcome trial.
Because it requires daily injection and produces smaller average weight reductions than weekly agents, clinical use has shifted, but it remains scientifically important.
Why It's Being Studied
- Glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes.
- Weight management, including in adolescents.
Mechanism of Action
A daily version of the same gut-hormone mimicry used by newer weekly injections.
Liraglutide is a GLP-1 analogue with 97% homology to native GLP-1, acylated with a palmitic acid chain via a glutamic acid spacer, giving a half-life of roughly 13 hours through albumin binding and self-association.
Research Areas & Routes Studied
- Glycaemic control
- Body weight
- Cardiovascular outcomes
- Subcutaneous injection
Evidence Summary
Long-established randomised trial evidence, cardiovascular outcome data and approved labels with years of post-marketing experience.
Human clinical evidence
- The LEADER trial reported reduced major adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes.
- SCALE trials reported mean weight reduction of roughly 8% at 56 weeks versus placebo.
Observational evidence
- Extensive post-marketing data across large populations.
Reported Adverse Events in Research
- Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea; gallbladder events.
- Pancreatitis reports; boxed warning for thyroid C-cell tumours in the US.
Limitations of Current Evidence
- Daily dosing reduces adherence relative to weekly agents.
- Average weight effect is smaller than that of newer multi-agonists.
Research References
- Randomised controlled trial2016
Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes (LEADER)
Marso SP, et al. · New England Journal of Medicine- Main finding
- Lower rate of cardiovascular death and major adverse cardiovascular events.
- Prescribing label
Liraglutide prescribing information
