Lyophilized Peptides Explained

Lyophilisation, or freeze-drying, removes water by freezing a solution and lowering pressure so ice sublimates directly to vapour. What remains is a dry cake or powder.

Peptides degrade far more slowly without water present, so the dry state greatly extends shelf life.

Reconstitution

Adding diluent returns the material to solution and restarts the degradation clock. Diluent should be added gently down the vial wall rather than injected forcefully into the cake, and the vial swirled rather than shaken.